Yayin da masu biyayya ga addinin Isa (a.s) suka haramata wa kawukansu wannan ni'ima ta samuwarsa a cikinsu, har ya samu hawa zuwa sama, sai manzanninsa da 'yan sakonsa suka ci gaba d aisar da sakonsa, kuma suka fuskanci wahalhalu masu yawa a kan hakan.
Amma bayan wani dan lokaci sai ga "Bulus" wanda yake shi ne ya kafa asasin kiristancin yanzu da ake gani ya riki jagorancin coci, shi ne bayahude na farko kuma kirista sun san haka, amma bayan ya zama kirista sai ya iya samun tasiri mai karfi a cikin mutane, kuma shi ne ya kasance a matsayin dan sakon isa (a.s) a garuruwa, kuma ya ka sance yana yadawa da jirkitarwa ga akidun kiristanci.
A karni na tsakin masanan kirista sun yi kokarin ganin sun bayyana akidun kiristanci karkatattu na yanzu ta hanayr da za a ba su mafita ta bayanin hankali, sai dai duk da haka har yanzu da yawa wasu bangarorin na injila ba zasu iya samun bayani da hankali ba, kuma duk da kokarin da masanan falsafa na karnonn tsakin kamar "okenus" suka yi amma sun kasa fitar da littafin mai tsariki da zai iya karbar bayanin da hankali zai iya karbar akidunsa na ukunta Allah.
Bayan wucewar karnonin tsakiya sai aka samu bayyanar sabon ilimi wanda coci ta fuskanta wanda ya yi hannun riga da fassarar coci, sai aka samu bayyanar mas'alar karo tsakanin sabon ilimi da addini, kuma saboda fadadar hasken ilimi da filfilawar tutarsa sai fitilar kiristanci ta mutu murus. A wannnan lokacin ne malaman addinin kirista suka nemi shan gaban wannan tunkudowar bala'in da sabon bincike don kare akidun coci da kuma kariya ga imanin mutane, sai kuma ta bangare daya malaman falsafa suka motsa domin bincike a fagage daban-daban, su kuma malaman coci suka motsa don bincike ta yadda wadannan binciken na ilmi suka kasance su ne suke misalta me ake nufi da kiristanci a wannan zamanin.
Tarihin yaduwar akidar kiristanci wani abu ne mai tsawo matuka, kuma domin mu iy akawo shi dole ne mu sani masanan yammancin duniya da kuma bayani a dunkule game da shi.
Yayin da mabiya isa (a.s) suka haramta wa kansu wannan ni'imar ta samuwarsa a cikinsu, shi kuma ya tashi zuwa sama[1], mabiyansa suka ci gaba da isar da sakonsa a duk fadin duniya suna msu shanye duk wata wahala[2].
Amma bayan wani lokaci sai wani mutum mai suna "Bulus" wanda yake an san shi a matsayin mai gina kiristanci a wannan zamnai ya jagorancin kiristanci, shi ne farkon bayahudu da ya cutar da kiristoci matukar gaske, amma ba a samu wani dogon zamani ba sai dai ya koma shi ne a matsayin jagoran kiristanci saboda tasiri da shigar da ya samu[3], kuma ya rik yawo garuruwa a matsayin dan sakon isa (a.s) yana mai isar da akidun kiristanci jirkitattu da aka sani a yau[4].
Addinin isa (a.s) a da can ya kasance ba haka yake ba, Bulus shi ne wanda ya dawo da shi yanda yake haka a yau, shi ba ruwansa da abin da isa (a.s) ya ce, bai damu da hakan ba[5]. Ya kara wasu akidu da ya dauka daga kafirci ya raba wa wannan addini na isa (a.s) da suka hada da ubangijintakar isa (a.s) da fansarsa domin tsarkake mutane, da kuma jefar da shari'a da ya dauko daga akidun mushrikai ya kara a kiristanci[6]. Da haka ne annabi isa (a.s) da ya kasance manzon Allah sai ga shi ya koma ubangiji, ubangijin da yake shirye da a tsire shi, kuma ta hanyar tsire shi ne zai iya shafe zunuban mabiyansa. Daga haka ne sai tsire isa (a.s) ya kasance wani babban lamari na akida a kiristanci, da wani kirista zai yi musun haka y ayarda da mahangar Kur'ani mai daraja cewa isa (a.s) ya tashi sama ne to wannan kirista ya tashi daga zama kirista ke nan, bai da wata makawa sai dai ya karbi musulunci.
Ta wani bangaren kuma , motsin annabi isa (a.s) da ya kasnce domin gyara gurbatattun akidun da suka yadu a tsakanin yahudawa, sai ya kasance bayan sanya musun shari'a[7] a cikinsa sia ya fada cikin wani gurbacewa. Sai haram da halal da wajibi suka rasa matsayi a cikin wannan addinin suka yadu a cikin mutane. Misali idan muna ganin hukuncin yanka a yahudanci amma a kiristanci babu wani abu mai kama da haka. Da wannan ne kiristanci ya kasance ba shi da wata doka da hukunci, wannan kuwa sai ya sanya sun yi nesa daga addinin.
Littafi mai tsarki na kirista[8] kuwa sai ya fuskanci mata matsala, ta wani bangare ma injilar da take yanzu ba ta da wani tabbaci na tarihi, don haka sai ya zama dukkan abin da ya faru na gurbacewar akida da ya wakana a yammancin duniya da ya mamaye duniyar kiristoci bisa su kansu masanan yammacin duniya[9] suna cewa: an rubuta shi ne bayan ya faru da wasu lokuta masu tsayi. Ta wani bangare kuwa akidun da suke cikin littafin injila ba su da dacewa da yanayin akidun saukakken addini daga sama wurin Allah, sai ya kasance kamar dai wani littafi ne na tarihi da kissoshin rayuwar annabi isa (a.s). daga nan ne sai Kur'ani mai daraja ya zo da bayani annabi isa (a.s) da cewa shi annabin Allah ne kuma yana da littafin injila, amma koyarwar annabi isa (a.s) ba ta wanzu ba, kuma abin da yake cikin littafin ba daidai ba ne.
A karnonin tsakin ne kiristaci suka so su gyara akidun da suke da su yanzu domin su samu bayani gamsasshe a hankalice, kuma "Toma akino" wanda ya rayu a karni na goma sha uku miladiyya ya kasance shi ne gwarzon wannan lamarin. Kum aya yi kokri ta hanyar amfani da falsafar arasdo ta hanayr littafin ibn sina da koyarwar musulunci domin ya samu wani gurbi gamsasshe a hankalce da zai sanya akidun kiristanci ya samar da dacewa tsakanin koyarwar kiristanci da falsafa[10], amma duk da haka kaso mai yawa daga injila ya rage ba tare da samar masa wani madogara ta hankali ba, kuma duk da kokarin da malaman falsafar yamma suka yi amma abin ya ci tura.
Misali akidar cewa isa (a.s) dan Allah ne da cewa uku ne ubangizai da suke cikin injila wanda aka san annabi isa (a.s) a matsayin ubangiji haka, da suka so yin bayanin kadaitakar Allah a lokaci guda kuma guda uku ne, da suka hada da Allah madaukaki da isa (a.s) da kuma ruhi mai tsarki, a fili yake ba yadda za a iya gyara wannan akida da hankali[11]. Domin idan dai abu uku ne bisa dabi'arsu to dole ne su kasance guda uku ne, a wani bangaren kuma wannan zai sanya ubangiji yana da wata hakikarsa da ba ita ce samuwarsa ba, sannan kuma yana kore tauhidin kadaita Allah madaukaki.
Bayan wannan matsalar akida da tarihi da kiristanci yake fuskanta, kari kan hakan a lokacin kafin sabuwar haihuwa[12] da aka fi sani da zamanin duhun kai[13] akwai matsayin siyasa da jagoranci da malam coci[14] suke da shi, a matsayin masu hidima kuma masu shiga tsakanin ubangiji da mutane, da suka yi da'awar wannan matsayi ga kawukansu wanda daya daga ciki shi ne suna da iko da jagoranci kai tsaye kan mutane, kuma wannan ya lizimta wajabcin biyayya garesu, wannan ne ya sanya su sanya dokokin addini[15], kuma suka sanya gibin da ake da shi na rushe shari'ar Allah da cike gurbin ta da gibin da aka samu da shari'ar da su kansu suke gindaya wa mutane bisa ra'ayoyinsu.
Ta wani bangaren bayan karnonin tsakin da samunilimi da kuma fuskantar cin karo tsakanin ilimi da irin bayanin da coci take yi wa ilimi ta mahangar addini sai aka samu jefo bahasin al'amarin cin karo tsakin ilimi da addini, kuma da samun filfilawar sabon ilimi sai fitilar kiristanci ta samu rushewa, a kan haka ne sai masu ilimi daga malaman coci suka yi kokarin ganin sun cike wannan gurbin ta hanar nuna sababbin bahasosi domin kariya ga wannan kiristancin da kuma kariya ga imanin kirista da addininsa, sai aka samu masana falsafar addinin kiristanci kowanne yana bincike game da wani bayani na akida domin ganin ya samar masa mafita, lamarin da ya jawo aka samu tunanin akidun kiristanci da ake da shi a yau.
Karin haske:
1. Mahdi Hadawi tehrani, wilaya wa diyanat, cibiyar al'adu ta Khaniye Khirad, Kum, bugu na biyu, 1380.
2. Mahdi Hadawi tehrani, mabani kalami ijtihadi, cibiyar al'adu ta Khaniye Khirad, Kum, bugu na daya, 1377.
[1]Nisa'i: 157-158. Luke: 24. New testament: babin ayyuka manzanni, babi na farko.
[2] Sabon alkawari; babin ayyukan manzanni.
[3] Sabon alkawari, babin ayyukan manzanni, babi na tara.
[4] Biharul anwar: j 8, s 311.
[5] Tarikh jami'u adyan: 618.
[6] Hamfary kafinta: Isa: shafi 154.
[7] Shari'a shi ne bangaren addini da yake ayyana tsarin rayuwar mutum ta fuskancin hukunci da dokoki.
[8] Bible.
[9] Robert Wefer: Duniyar mazhaba, j 2, shafi 675. Hamfary kafinta: Isa: shafi 12 - 32.
[10] Tarikh Jami'ul Adyan: 658 – 660.
[11] Robert wafer: duniyar mazhaba; j 2, shafi 733 – 734.
[12] Renaissance.
[13] Darkness.
[14] Christian Clergymen.
[15] Hamfary kafinta: Isa: shafi 160.